Pump group - types, application

If you want to learn what a pump group for central heating is and how it works, read the article below. You will also learn about the types of pump groups available on the market and how they differ. We hope that this reading will help you make a decision about your purchase. Learn more about heating pump groups and choose the best solution for your central heating.

What is a Central Heating Pump Group and What is its Purpose?

A pump group for a heating system is a set of various hydraulic elements used to divide the heating installation into several circuits. Its main purpose is to ensure efficient and even distribution of heat throughout the building. This is possible thanks to forcing the flow of the medium in the heating circuit. Another task of the heating pump group is to measure and regulate the temperature and pressure of the medium in the heating circuit. By using a three-way valve (mixer), the pump group allows mixing of the supply water with the water returning from the heating system. This enables regulation of the flow of the heating medium to individual heating circuits, maintaining optimal temperature in each room. Additionally, the pump group protects the entire system from cold return and excessive pressure increase, which could lead to installation damage. Thanks to precise regulation and monitoring of technical parameters, the pump group is a reliable solution in central heating systems.

How is a Central Heating Pump Group Constructed?

A central heating pump group is usually made of brass and equipped with ball shut-off valves in the form of knobs with thermometers. Additionally, it is enclosed in polypropylene insulation, providing protection against heat loss. Due to its design, the pump group allows the use of a circulation pump with a width of 130 or 180 mm, providing great flexibility to meet specific installation needs. Thanks to the presence of shut-off valves, the user can precisely regulate the flow of hot water in the heating system, resulting in comfort and energy savings. It is worth noting that the heating pump group is an important element of the central heating system and should be properly selected according to the building's specifications and user requirements.

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Types of Central Heating Pump Groups - Classification by the Presence of a Mixing Valve

On the market, you can find central heating pump groups in two variants - with and without a mixer. Check what the mixer is used for in a pump group and whether it is an essential element in every case or just an addition that our heating system can easily do without.

Pump Groups with Mixer - Why is the Mixer Necessary?

Pump group with mixer, also known as pump group with mixing valve, is used for circulating fluid in various heating systems. The mixer in the pump group is used to properly regulate the temperature of the fluid in the installation, allowing the system to efficiently transfer heat to individual rooms. The mixer enables mixing of hot and cold water in appropriate proportions, maintaining the optimal temperature in the water circuit. This allows the heating system to operate in an energy-efficient manner and provide comfortable conditions for users. The mixer is an extremely important element in the pump group, enabling optimal temperature regulation in the installation.

Pump Groups without Mixer - When is a Mixing Valve Not Necessary?

Pump groups without a mixer are specialized devices that play a key role in heating systems. They are used when connecting, for example, solar collectors with a domestic hot water tank. In this case, mixing water is not necessary unlike when connecting a boiler with radiators or underfloor heating. It is important to understand the specifics of the heating system and to carefully consider the choice of the appropriate pump group. Such considerations will allow for optimizing energy efficiency and long-term savings. 

Types of Central Heating Pump Groups - Division by the Number of Heating Circuits

Central heating pump groups can be divided by the number of heating circuits, for example:

• Pump group for 2 circuits,

• Pump group for 3 circuits.

The choice of a specific type of pump group depends on individual needs and the conditions of the heating system. A pump group for 2 circuits is typically used in single-family or residential heating systems, while a pump group for 3 circuits is more suitable for larger buildings or commercial facilities. To learn more about the appropriate type of pump group for a specific application, we recommend consulting with a professional in the industry. Below, these two cases will be briefly described.

Pump Group for 2 Circuits - How Does It Work and When to Use It?

A pump group for 2 circuits is a solution that allows for the use of two different thermal circuits in one heating system. It enables simultaneous temperature control in two different zones, which is very useful in buildings with different thermal requirements in individual areas. The operation of a pump group for 2 circuits involves the use of two sets of pump groups, which allows for effective control of two independent thermal circuits - for example, underfloor heating (in the case of a single-story house) and domestic hot water tank.

Pump Group for 3 Circuits - Application and Operating Principle

A pump group for 3 circuits is primarily used in more complex heating systems. Its main task is to ensure continuous circulation of the heating medium or water through three different circuits - for example, a domestic hot water tank, underfloor heating divided into 2 circuits, where one is dedicated to the ground floor of the house and the other to its upper floor. Alternatively, these can be the following three circuits: domestic hot water tank, underfloor heating, and radiators.

The operating principle of a 3-circuit pump group is based on the use of three pumps, each responsible for one of the circuits. This allows for independent control of each circuit, enabling optimal adjustment of the heating system's operation to the current needs of users. Additionally, a pump group for 3 circuits can be equipped with automatic pressure and temperature regulation systems, making it a very efficient and cost-effective solution. The use of a pump group enables achieving high energy efficiency, which is particularly important for large heating installations.

Division of Central Heating Pump Groups by Purpose

The division of central heating pump groups is important from the perspective of selecting the appropriate devices for a given application. We will discuss two main categories that are most commonly used in households: solar pump groups, which are dedicated to heating systems powered by solar energy, and underfloor heating pump groups, which are intended for connecting the heat source with underfloor heating. A more detailed explanation of what they are and how each type of pump group works is provided below.

What Is a Solar Pump Group and How Does It Work?

A solar pump group is a device used in solar installations (solar collectors) for heating domestic hot water. It is installed at a strategic point in the installation to enable effective distribution of the heating medium, such as glycol, between the collector and the hot water tank. Additionally, a solar pump group also serves as protection for the heating installation. By using appropriate sensors and controllers, a solar pump group monitors and controls the temperature in the installation, maintaining optimal conditions for the operation of the solar system. Thus, a solar pump group contributes to the efficient and safe operation of the entire solar installation.

What Is an Underfloor Heating Pump Group and How Does It Work?

An underfloor heating pump group is a device used to create continuous circulation of hot water in underfloor heating systems. It consists of a circulation pump, a mixing valve, a control valve, and a temperature sensor. The pump group is very often used in underfloor heating systems because it allows for the proper distribution of heat across the entire floor surface. How does an underfloor heating pump group work? After starting the heating system, the circulation pump begins to push hot water through the installation circuit, and the control valve adjusts its temperature according to the current needs. The mixing valve, on the other hand, controls the amount of hot water entering the circuit. Thanks to the pump group, underfloor heating can operate efficiently and economically, providing comfortable conditions and even heat distribution throughout the room.